THE AGL ENGINEERING CENTRE by Precision AGL Academy · Portable Airfield Ground Lighting

Portable Airfield Ground Lighting (PAGL)

A practical engineering guide to temporary, emergency and rapid-deployment airfield lighting. PAGL is a temporary lighting arrangement used to provide essential visual guidance when the permanent Airfield Ground Lighting (AGL) system is unavailable, damaged, under maintenance, displaced by construction, or not yet operational. A portable system is not simply a collection of battery-powered lamps — it is a temporary aviation visual-aid system that must be correctly positioned, oriented, powered, controlled, maintained and verified for the operational task for which it is being used.

Overview

What Is Portable Airfield Ground Lighting?

Portable Airfield Ground Lighting is a temporary visual-lighting system consisting of transportable light units, power supplies, controls, mounting or anchoring arrangements and associated equipment.

It may be deployed on runways, taxiways, temporary runway configurations, displaced thresholds, emergency landing areas, remote or expeditionary airfields, construction areas, damaged lighting systems, temporary operational surfaces, or heliport/special-use applications where specifically engineered. The exact configuration depends on the intended aircraft operation and the approved operational arrangement.

The FAA currently lists AC 150/5345-50B, Specification for Portable Runway and Taxiway Lights, as active. It covers portable runway and taxiway lights and runway end identifier lights intended for temporary use when all or part of a runway lighting system is inoperative. (Federal Aviation Administration)

Not Just Battery Lamps

A portable system is a temporary aviation visual-aid system that must be correctly positioned, oriented, powered, controlled, maintained and verified — not simply switched on.

Temporary, Not Permanent

Portable AGL is normally a temporary operational solution used while the permanent system is restored, not a substitute for permanent AGL design.

FAA AC 150/5345-50B

The principal FAA equipment reference for portable runway/taxiway lights and runway end identifier lights intended for temporary use.

Purpose

Why Portable AGL Is Required

A permanent AGL system can become unavailable for many reasons. Portable lighting provides a temporary visual reference while the permanent system is restored.

CCR failure Series circuit faults Cable damage Flooding Substation failure Electrical fire Construction activities Runway rehabilitation Lighting fixture damage Airfield pavement works Control-system failure Emergency operational requirements
Core Principle

Portable Lighting Is a Temporary System

Portable AGL is normally a temporary operational solution, not a substitute for permanent AGL design.

FAA AC 150/5345-50B explicitly states that portable lights are intended only for temporary use and are not suitable for permanent installation. The FAA guidance primarily addresses VFR applications. (Federal Aviation Administration) Therefore, a portable system should not automatically be treated as equivalent to a permanent CAT I, CAT II or CAT III lighting installation.

Applications

Typical Portable AGL Applications

Emergency Lighting

When the permanent runway lighting system is unavailable.

Construction

When permanent fixtures are removed or temporarily displaced.

Runway Rehabilitation

When a portion of the runway lighting system is affected by construction.

Temporary Runway Configuration

When the usable runway geometry changes.

Remote Operations

Where permanent electrical infrastructure is unavailable or impractical.

Training & Testing

For controlled engineering or operational exercises where authorized, and for rapid expeditionary deployment where equipment must be transported quickly.

Comparison

Permanent AGL vs Portable AGL

ParameterPermanent AGLPortable AGL
InstallationFixedTemporary / mobile
PowerUsually central electrical systemBattery, solar, generator or external supply
ControlCCR / ALCMS / control panelLocal, wired or remote control depending on system
CircuitOften series circuitCommonly individual units or temporary circuits
PositionFixed surveyed locationInstalled and checked for each deployment
MaintenanceScheduled permanent maintenanceFrequent deployment checks
PurposeNormal airport operationTemporary / emergency operation
Certification basisPermanent facility and equipment requirementsSpecific portable equipment and approved temporary arrangement
Components

Main Components of a Portable AGL System

A portable system may contain some or all of the following. Not every portable installation needs every component.

Light Units

Portable runway lights, taxiway lights, threshold lights, runway end lights, runway end identifier lights, approach lights where specifically required, and portable PAPI or temporary visual guidance equipment where specifically engineered.

Power & Control

Battery units, solar charging systems, generator sets, temporary power distribution units, radio controllers and remote-control receivers.

Mechanical & Support Equipment

Cabling, connectors, mounting bases, stakes or anchors, wind-resistant supports, transport cases and charging equipment.

Light Types

Portable Light Types & Their Function

Six portable light types and what each one does for the temporary layout.

PORTABLE LIGHT TYPES · WHAT EACH ONE DOES EDGE Defines the lateral limits of the usable runway. Number and spacing follow the approved temporary layout. TAXIWAY Shows limits, direction, intersections and holding positions, without confusing an active route with an unavailable surface. THRESHOLD Marks the start of the usable landing surface. Edge-light thresholds are supplemented by portable REIL. RUNWAY END Marks the far end of the usable runway. Colour, direction, position and spacing must not create confusing cues. REIL For stronger runway-end identification where the approved arrangement needs it. Check flash, intensity, orientation and control. APPROACH More demanding than edge lights: precise location, centreline geometry and crossbar arrangement. TREAT THE TEMPORARY LAYOUT AS ONE INTEGRATED VISUAL SYSTEM, NOT INDIVIDUAL LAMPS SCHEMATIC · SUMMARY OF FUNCTIONS · FOLLOW THE APPROVED TEMPORARY LAYOUT
Figure 1. Portable light types: runway edge, taxiway, threshold, runway end, REIL and approach lighting.
AGL Visual Encyclopedia: Portable PAPI Temporary runway lighting for works Runway edge lights

Portable Runway Edge Lighting

Defines the lateral limits of the usable runway. Primary functions: lateral guidance, runway boundary definition, runway orientation and visual continuity during night operations. The number and spacing of portable edge lights must follow the approved temporary runway layout and applicable requirements.

Portable Taxiway Lighting

May be used where temporary taxi routes are required. The arrangement must clearly communicate taxiway limits, direction, intersections, holding positions and safe aircraft movement routes — and must never create ambiguity between an active taxi route and an unavailable surface.

Portable Threshold Lighting

Identifies the beginning of the usable landing surface. Where portable edge lights are used to define a threshold, FAA AC 150/5345-50B states they should be supplemented by portable REIL to improve runway-end definition. (Federal Aviation Administration) The temporary layout should be treated as an integrated visual system rather than individual lamps.

Portable Runway End Lighting

Defines the far end of the usable runway. The engineer must consider colour, directionality, position, spacing, orientation, visibility and the relationship with threshold lighting — the installation must avoid creating confusing visual cues.

Portable REIL

Portable Runway End Identifier Lights may be used where an approved temporary arrangement requires stronger runway-end identification. Treat REIL as a distinct visual aid — verify its flashing characteristics, intensity, orientation and control arrangement against the applicable specification.

Portable Approach Lighting

More demanding than a simple runway-edge arrangement: precisely located lights, correct centreline geometry, correct crossbar arrangement, accurate orientation, controlled spacing, known photometric performance and structural stability. Must be specifically engineered for the applicable runway and approach operation.

Portable PAPI

Requires particularly careful engineering — a PAPI is not simply positioned beside the runway by eye. Performance depends on longitudinal and lateral location, elevation, horizontal alignment, vertical aiming, unit-to-unit geometry, approach profile, obstacle environment and photometric characteristics. A proper survey and aiming process is required.

Layout Diagram

Temporary Runway Lighting Deployment — Plan View

A simplified plan view of a temporary runway configuration using portable edge, threshold, runway-end and REIL units. Actual spacing, colour and configuration must follow the approved temporary layout and applicable equipment specification.

Portable edge lights define the usable runway; threshold and REIL mark the landing end; runway end lights mark the far end

TEMPORARY USABLE RUNWAY Portable edge lights THRESHOLD REIL REIL RUNWAY END Anchored / staked against wind & jet blast Approach
Exact fixture type, colour, spacing and configuration must follow the approved temporary runway layout, the applicable portable-light equipment specification (e.g. FAA AC 150/5345-50B) and project/State requirements — this diagram is illustrative only.
Power Sources

Portable AGL Power Sources

Batteries

The simplest independent energy source.

Solar Photovoltaic

Useful for remote applications with sufficient sunlight and battery storage.

Generator Sets

Useful for longer-duration or higher-energy operation.

Temporary AC Supply

Possible when a suitable electrical supply is available.

Battery Performance Is Not Just Nominal Ampere-Hours

The system must consider lamp load, LED efficiency, flashing duty cycle, ambient temperature, battery age, state of charge, voltage characteristics, recharge time, required operating duration and reserve capacity. A system that works for several hours under laboratory conditions may behave differently during actual field deployment.

FAA AC 150/5345-50B specifies battery-related requirements for L-863 portable lights, including minimum operation after recharge and battery conditions intended to preserve required photometric performance, for both non-rechargeable and rechargeable batteries. (Federal Aviation Administration) Battery endurance must be evaluated together with photometric performance, not independently from it.

Solar Portable AGL — Energy Chain
Solar Panel
Charge Controller
Battery
LED Driver
Light Source
The engineering challenge is energy balance: daily energy generated must be sufficient to compensate for night-time operation, cloudy conditions, battery losses, controller losses, LED load, temperature effects and seasonal variation.
Generator-Based Portable AGL
Voltage stability Frequency stability Earthing Protection Fuel availability Noise Exhaust Weather protection Cable protection Emergency shutdown Refuelling
Portable lighting should never be connected to a generator without a properly engineered temporary electrical distribution arrangement.
Interactive

Battery Endurance Estimator

Battery endurance must be judged against required optical performance, not merely whether the LED remains visibly illuminated. Adjust the sliders to see how capacity, load and required duration combine into an estimated reserve margin.

20 Ah
1.2 A
12 hrs
Usable Capacity (80% of rated)
0 Ah
Estimated Runtime
0 hrs
Reserve Margin vs Requirement
0%
This is a simplified planning estimate only. Actual endurance depends on temperature, battery age, discharge rate, flashing duty cycle and the manufacturer's rated performance — always verify against the applicable equipment specification.
Power Architecture

Direct Battery Light vs Series Circuit

A major difference between many permanent AGL systems and portable units is the power architecture. The actual architecture depends on equipment design.

Permanent AGL

CCR
Series Circuit
Isolation Transformers
Light Fixtures

Portable System

Battery / DC or AC Source
Local Electronics
Individual Light Units

Or: temporary power source → distribution → portable lighting units.

A conventional battery-powered portable light normally does not require the same series-circuit / isolation-transformer arrangement used by a permanent AGL circuit. However, portable systems intended to interface with existing airport electrical infrastructure require specific engineering. Never assume that a portable fixture can be directly connected to a conventional 6.6 A series circuit.

Critical Rule

Do Not Connect a Portable Light Directly to a CCR

A conventional CCR supplies regulated series-circuit current. A portable light designed for battery supply, low-voltage DC, solar power, or conventional AC may be electrically incompatible with a CCR circuit.

The portable equipment specification must define the permissible supply arrangement before any connection to airport electrical infrastructure is attempted.
Control

Portable AGL Control Methods

Local ON/OFF

Operator activates each unit locally.

Group Control

Multiple lights operate as a group.

Wired Control

A temporary control network is used.

Radio Control

Lights are activated remotely. FAA AC 150/5345-50B identifies radio control as an optional feature for portable lights. (Federal Aviation Administration)

Automatic Control

Some systems can incorporate programmable or sensor-driven control.

Radio-Controlled Portable AGL — Engineering Considerations
Frequency Range Interference Antenna position Receiver sensitivity Battery consumption Command confirmation Fail-safe behaviour Loss-of-communication behaviour
Remote control must not create uncertainty about the actual lighting status.
Mechanical & Fail-Safe Design

Anchoring, Jet-Blast Resistance & Mechanical Design

Portable lights are exposed to wind, jet blast, propeller wash, wake vortices, vehicle movement, maintenance activity, rain and surface vibration. FAA AC 150/5345-50B requires portable lights to be securely anchored against wind, wake vortices and propeller or jet blast. (Federal Aviation Administration) The mechanical installation is as important as the electrical installation.

Position Stability

A light can remain electrically healthy but become operationally incorrect if it moves — after wind, a light displaced 150 mm creates incorrect geometry, and repeated aircraft operations can change fixture orientation and beam direction. Physical stability must be checked during operation.

Jet-Blast Resistance

Jet blast can tilt fixtures, move lightweight housings, damage cables, disconnect connectors, accumulate debris, change aiming and damage solar panels. Temporary systems must be evaluated according to their location and aircraft exposure.

Mechanical Design Features

Rugged housing, UV resistance, water resistance, corrosion resistance, impact resistance, stable base, carrying handle, secure connector, anchor points, accessible battery compartment and appropriate low profile where required.

Frangibility

Frangibility requirements depend on the specific equipment, location and applicable standard. A portable light must not be assumed to meet a permanent fixture's frangibility requirements simply because it is lightweight.

Waterproofing

Outdoor equipment can experience heavy rain, surface water, mud, condensation, water spray, humidity and dust. Ingress may cause electrical leakage, corrosion, LED failure, battery degradation, connector failure or optical contamination.

Connectors & Cable Management

Check mating, locking mechanism, contact condition, sealing, strain relief, insulation, polarity and contamination protection. Cables should be routed safely, protected from traffic and aircraft operations, secured, identified and kept clear of drainage paths.

Forces Acting on a Portable Fixture

A portable light must resist wind, jet/propeller blast and wake vortices while remaining correctly positioned and oriented

AIRCRAFT Jet / propeller blast Wind Wake vortex ANCHORED PORTABLE FIXTURE DISPLACED — WRONG GEOMETRY
A fixture can remain electrically healthy after displacement — the failure is geometric, not electrical, which is why position and orientation must be re-checked after wind, rain or jet-blast exposure.
Photometry

Portable AGL Photometry

Photometry remains a critical part of portable lighting. The engineer should verify the four practical elements of portable AGL optical verification.

Colour
Candela
Coverage
Configuration

FAA AC 150/5345-50B contains explicit photometric requirements for L-863 portable lights, including minimum intensity by colour and elevation angle and aviation colour chromaticity requirements. (Federal Aviation Administration)

Colour Verification

Possible aviation light colours include white, yellow, red, green and blue. The correct colour depends on the visual-aid function and should be assessed using an appropriate photometric or colour-measurement method rather than visual appearance alone.

Intensity Verification

The FAA L-863 specification includes minimum intensity values for defined colours and vertical angular zones. A portable LED can appear bright to the eye and still have an unsuitable angular intensity distribution.

Beam Coverage

Depends on horizontal and vertical distribution, fixture orientation, aircraft approach direction, runway centreline and mounting height. A misaligned light can produce adequate candela in the wrong direction.

Configuration

Light output, orientation, spacing, position and colour together. A technically compliant individual lamp can still produce an incorrect temporary visual system if deployed incorrectly.

Geometry & Layout

Alignment, Runway Geometry & Temporary Layout

Before deploying portable lights, establish the temporary runway geometry: runway centreline, threshold, runway end, edge positions, usable runway length, displaced threshold if applicable, taxi access, closed portions and approach side. Portable lighting follows the approved operational geometry — it should not define that geometry arbitrarily.

Every deployment should verify: lateral position, longitudinal position, azimuth, vertical orientation, height, spacing and reference coordinates — measured or controlled using appropriate engineering methods.

Portable PAPI — Approach Guidance Geometry

Each PAPI unit projects a white sector above and a red sector below a precisely aimed transition angle; the pilot reads the ratio of white to red across the wing bar

RUNWAY 4 portable PAPI units, precisely spaced ON GLIDEPATH — 2 WHITE / 2 RED Aiming angle (surveyed) White sector (above) Red sector (below)
Portable PAPI performance depends on longitudinal/lateral location, elevation, horizontal alignment, vertical aiming and unit-to-unit geometry — a proper survey and aiming process is required before use, not visual placement by eye.
Typical Temporary-Layout Workflow
Approved Layout
Survey Reference Points
Mark Positions
Install Lights
Orient Lights
Connect Power/Control
Functional Test
Photometric / Visual Verification
Operational Release
Operational Context

Construction, Displaced Thresholds & Runway Incursion Risk

A displaced threshold in plan: red edge lights toward the approach, a green threshold bar where landing is allowed.

PLAN VIEW · RUNWAY WITH A DISPLACED THRESHOLD · APPROACH FROM THE LEFT RUNWAY GREEN THRESHOLD BAR · LANDING BEGINS HERE RED EDGE LIGHTS TOWARD THE APPROACH RUNWAY END LIGHTS · RED WHITE EDGE LIGHTS BEYOND THE THRESHOLD APPROACH DISPLACED AREA · NOT FOR LANDING THIS WAY LANDING DISTANCE AVAILABLE FULL PAVEMENT USABLE FOR TAKE-OFF, TAXIING AND LANDING ROLL-OUT FROM THE OTHER DIRECTION WHAT EACH PILOT SEES LANDING · FROM THE LEFT RED EDGE LIGHTS, THEN GREEN BAR TAKING OFF · FROM THE LEFT WHITE EDGE LIGHTS AHEAD LANDING · FROM THE RIGHT WHITE EDGE LIGHTS, RED END LIGHTS RED THEN GREEN · DO NOT LAND BEFORE THE GREEN BAR
Figure 2. Displaced threshold lighting: how the usable runway is distinguished from the unavailable surface.
AGL Visual Encyclopedia: Displaced threshold lighting Closed runway marking lights Threshold lights

Temporary runway lighting for works: a displaced threshold, a side view and the works-side lights.

PLAN VIEW · A TEMPORARILY DISPLACED THRESHOLD, AND THE PORTABLE LIGHTS THAT MARK IT A · RUNWAY WITH WORKS AT THE APPROACH END EDGE LIGHTS · RED TO APPROACH TEMPORARY THRESHOLD · GREEN EDGE LIGHTS · WHITE BEFORE THE NEW THRESHOLD · WORKS AVAILABLE FOR LANDING LANDING DIRECTION → B · ONE PORTABLE LIGHT, AND WHAT EACH COLOUR IS FOR LED LAMP HEAD · COLOUR SET BY FUNCTION LOW, FRANGIBLE STEM · BREAKS IF STRUCK BATTERY OR SOLAR · FULL NIGHT WEIGHTED BASE · WIND AND JET BLAST COLOUR BY FUNCTION WHITE · RUNWAY EDGE GREEN · THRESHOLD RED · RUNWAY END, CLOSED AREAS BLUE · TAXIWAY EDGE C · THE LIFE OF A TEMPORARY INSTALLATION 1 · APPROVE SAFETY ASSESSMENT 2 · NOTIFY NOTAM AND ATC 3 · SET OUT POSITION, COLOUR, AIM 4 · INSPECT DAILY CHARGE, LENS, STABILITY 5 · REMOVE RESTORE AND TEST THE TEMPORARY PICTURE MUST MATCH THE APPROVED PLAN · AND COME DOWN WHEN THE WORKS END
Figure 3. Temporary and portable runway lighting for works.
AGL Visual Encyclopedia: Temporary runway lighting for works Portable PAPI

During Construction

Typical situations include runway resurfacing, pavement replacement, drainage work, electrical duct works, fixture replacement, threshold relocation, centreline rehabilitation and taxiway construction. The temporary arrangement must reflect the active work zone and the usable aircraft movement area.

Displaced Threshold

The installation must clearly distinguish usable runway from unavailable runway surface. Associated markings, signs, lighting and operational procedures must remain fully consistent with one another.

Portable Stop Bars & Runway Guard Lights

Portable stop-bar arrangements require special consideration because stop bars are part of runway-incursion prevention — evaluate correct location, red visual indication, control, fail-safe response, interlocking where applicable, monitoring and operational procedures. It should not be treated as a simple replacement lamp. Portable runway guard-light arrangements must be evaluated as part of the runway holding-position safety arrangement.

Runway Incursion Risk

Temporary configurations can increase risk because pilots and vehicle operators may be unfamiliar with new runway limits, temporary thresholds, temporary taxi routes, construction zones or changed holding positions. Lighting should be integrated with the complete temporary aerodrome configuration.

Operational Boundaries

What Portable AGL Does Not Automatically Do

Five things a portable lighting layout does not give you by itself.

WHAT PORTABLE AGL DOES NOT AUTOMATICALLY DO REPLACE A NOTAM Portable lights do not by themselves resume normal operations. The responsible authorities set the operational status. RESTORE CAT CAPABILITY Not automatically CAT I, II or III. RVR, ILS, ALCMS, secondary power, stop bars and procedures may all be involved. SUIT LOW VISIBILITY Visual aids, monitoring, redundancy, power and procedures get more demanding as minima fall. BE THE SAME AS RVR RVR measures how far lights or markings can be seen. An RVR reading cannot replace a lighting performance test. SHOW ON THE ALCMS A portable light may not be on the ALCMS. No indication is not proof of failure, and ON is not proof it is correctly positioned or performing. ASSESS THE TEMPORARY CONFIGURATION AS AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM SCHEMATIC · SUMMARY OF THE SECTION · THE RESPONSIBLE AUTHORITIES DECIDE
Figure 4. What portable AGL does not automatically do: replace a NOTAM, restore CAT capability, suit low visibility, equal RVR or show on the ALCMS.
AGL Visual Encyclopedia: RVR to intensity step Remote monitoring

Does Not Replace a NOTAM

The deployment of portable AGL does not automatically mean a runway can resume normal operations. A NOTAM or other operational action may be required depending on the nature and duration of the failure, runway condition, applicable regulations, temporary configuration and operational limitations. The correct operational status is determined by the responsible airport and aeronautical authorities.

Does Not Automatically Restore CAT Capability

Installing portable runway lights does not automatically mean CAT I, CAT II or CAT III operations are restored, or that instrument procedures remain unchanged. RVR, ILS, ALCMS, secondary power, stop bars, taxiway/approach lighting, monitoring and operational procedures may all be involved.

Is Not Automatically Suitable for Low Visibility

Required visual aids, monitoring, redundancy, electrical supply, operational procedures and equipment performance become more demanding as operating minima decrease. The temporary configuration must be assessed as an integrated system.

Is Not the Same as RVR

RVR measures the distance at which runway markings or lights can be seen under specified conditions. Photometry measures the lighting system's optical performance. An RVR reading cannot replace a lighting performance test.

A permanent ALCMS can indicate circuit, equipment, alarm and control status, but a simple portable light may not be connected to the airport's existing ALCMS. No ALCMS indication does not automatically mean the portable system has failed — and a portable light being switched ON does not prove it is optically correctly positioned or performing correctly.

Standards

Standards & Regulatory References

FAA

AC 150/5345-50B, Specification for Portable Runway and Taxiway Lights — issued September 20, 2007, currently listed as active. Covers portable runway and taxiway lights and runway end identifier lights for temporary use. FAA's L-863 classification and 2026 certification-program addendum reference this AC. (Federal Aviation Administration)

ICAO

Annex 14 provides the broader international framework for aerodrome visual aids. The FAA portable-light specification itself refers to ICAO Annex 14 Volume I for aviation colour chromaticity boundaries. (Federal Aviation Administration)

EASA

CS-ADR-DSN Issue 7, incorporated into the March 2026 Easy Access Rules for Aerodromes. (EASA) A temporary arrangement should not be described as "EASA compliant" without establishing its complete regulatory and operational basis.

National

DGCA / State aviation authority requirements, approved airport drawings and specifications, and airport operational procedures and approvals as applicable.

AreaReference
Portable light equipmentApplicable equipment specification
FAA portable lightsFAA AC 150/5345-50B
Airport visual aidsApplicable FAA 150/5340-series guidance where relevant
International aerodrome designICAO Annex 14
EASA aerodrome designCS-ADR-DSN and applicable EASA rules
National requirementsDGCA / State aviation authority as applicable
Airport requirementsApproved airport drawings/specifications
Temporary operationAirport operational procedures and approvals
Equipment compliance ≠ installation compliance ≠ operational approval. FAA equipment certification documentation is separate from an airport's overall operational approval — an equipment qualification alone does not demonstrate a specific installation is correctly configured.
Documentation

Documentation & Equipment Identification

Project Documentation

Equipment list Serial numbers Battery status Calibration records Layout drawing Position schedule Installation checklist Test checklist Photometric results Functional test Remote-control test Inspection report Defect report Deployment / removal dates

Equipment Identification & Battery Management

Every portable unit should ideally have a unique identification, e.g. PAGL-RWY-001, PAGL-RWY-002, PAGL-TWY-001 — this helps with maintenance, battery tracking, deployment records, fault investigation, replacement and test history.

Battery ID → installation date → charge state → test duration → performance → replacement date. Battery deterioration can become a hidden cause of field failures.

Diagnostics

Common Portable AGL Faults

Tap a symptom to see possible causes.

Light does not switch ON

Possible Cause

  • Battery discharged
  • Open circuit
  • Controller or switch fault
  • LED driver fault
  • Connector failure

Light is dim

Possible Cause

  • Battery voltage low
  • Driver fault
  • LED degradation
  • Optical contamination
  • Wrong operating mode

Wrong colour

Possible Cause

  • Incorrect unit
  • LED / optical failure
  • Control configuration
  • Damaged filter
  • Mixed equipment

Intermittent operation

Possible Cause

  • Loose connector
  • Battery protection circuit
  • Thermal issue / moisture
  • Radio-control instability
  • Vibration

Wrong light position

Possible Cause

  • Too far / too close to centreline
  • Wrong longitudinal position
  • Rotated or tilted
  • Wrong height

Electrical PASS, optical FAIL

Possible Cause

  • Battery OK, LED ON, current normal
  • Housing undamaged
  • But azimuth incorrect
The fixture may still be electrically perfect. This is why portable AGL must be treated as both an electrical and a geometric system.
Troubleshooting

Example Troubleshooting Case

Complaint: a portable runway light appears weak. Work through the checks in sequence rather than replacing components at random.

1

Check battery voltage

Confirm the battery is holding an adequate charge.

2

Check operating duration

How long has the unit been running since its last charge?

3

Check LED current

Verify the driver is supplying the correct current to the LED.

4

Inspect the lens

Look for contamination, scratching or condensation.

5

Measure intensity

Use a calibrated photometer where required.

6

Compare with the applicable equipment specification

Confirm the measured performance against the manufacturer/standard requirement.

7

Check orientation

Verify azimuth and vertical aiming.

8

Replace or repair only after identifying the cause

Follow the fault — do not replace components randomly.

Emergency Readiness

Emergency Deployment Kit, Team & Planning

Emergency Deployment Kit

Lighting units, battery packs, charging system, controller, spare connectors, anchoring equipment, layout tools, survey/alignment equipment, test equipment and documentation. The objective is a complete deployment capability, not merely stored lights.

Deployment Team

AGL engineer, electrical technician, survey/layout technician, maintenance personnel, airport operations representative, ATC representative where applicable, and a safety/construction representative where required. Roles should be established before an emergency occurs.

Rapid Deployment Planning

Pre-plan storage, transport, personnel, layout, power, control, verification and removal so the response is fast and repeatable rather than improvised.

The technical team does not independently decide the operational status of a runway. Its function is to establish what equipment is installed, what is functional, what measurements were obtained and what limitations exist. Operational authorities determine the appropriate action within the applicable regulatory framework — and ATC needs clear, consistent information on lighting availability, configuration, stop-bar status, restrictions and faults.

Commissioning

Commissioning & Removal Workflow

Commissioning
Review Requirement
Confirm Runway Config
Review Standards
Prepare Layout
Inspect Equipment
Charge Batteries
Deploy Lights
Secure Units
Connect Control/Power
Functional Test
Verification & Photometry
Documentation
Operational Coordination
Release per Procedure
Removal — Once Permanent AGL Is Restored
Confirm Permanent System Available
Coordinate Changeover
Switch OFF & Disconnect
Recover Equipment
Inspect for Damage
Recharge Batteries
Record History
Return to Ready State
Readiness Checklist

Emergency Readiness Checklist

Before declaring an emergency kit ready. Click any item to mark it complete.

Equipment

All light units available
Spare components available
Transport cases available
Anchors available
0 / 4 complete

Power & Control

Batteries charged
Spare batteries available
Controllers functional
Radio controls tested
0 / 4 complete

Connections & Test Equipment

Connectors inspected
Test instruments available
Calibration valid
0 / 3 complete

Documentation & Personnel

Layout documentation available
Deployment personnel trained
Emergency contact structure established
0 / 3 complete
Maintenance

Portable AGL Maintenance & Storage

Maintenance Activities

Battery charging Battery capacity testing LED inspection Lens cleaning Connector inspection Housing inspection Anchor inspection Radio-control testing Solar-panel cleaning Photometric verification

Storage Conditions

Equipment should be stored to minimize moisture, corrosion, battery degradation, connector contamination, mechanical damage, excessive heat and deep battery discharge.

Storage readiness directly affects emergency deployment time. A professional inventory system tracking equipment ID, type, colour, battery, controller, condition, last inspection, last photometric test, calibration status, location and deployment status converts an emergency kit into a managed engineering asset.

Common Mistakes

Portable AGL Common Mistakes

Selecting lights based only on brightness Ignoring positioning Using equipment without checking its intended supply Assuming battery capacity equals guaranteed operating time Failing to secure lights Not checking colour Ignoring jet blast Using temporary lighting without an approved temporary layout Assuming ALCMS indication equals field verification Treating portable lighting as automatically equivalent to permanent AGL

Portable does not mean informal. Temporary lighting still needs correct equipment, location, orientation, power, control, photometric performance, documentation and operational integration.

Engineering Model

The Portable AGL Engineering Model

A useful way to understand PAGL is as seven interacting dimensions — testing should answer whether a unit is ON, electrically healthy, optically correct, and physically correctly installed. All four matter.

Equipment

What light is being used?

Energy

Where does its power come from?

Geometry

Where is it installed?

Optics

What does it actually produce?

Control

How is it controlled?

Environment

Can it remain stable?

Monitoring

How will failure be detected?

A portable airfield light is not merely a lamp with a battery — it is one element of a temporary visual guidance system. The correct questions go beyond "is the light ON?" to: is it the correct light, in the correct position, correctly oriented, the correct colour, the correct intensity? Will the power last for the required operation? Can it withstand the environment? Can its status be controlled and verified? Does the complete temporary configuration support the authorized operation?

That is the difference between portable lighting equipment and a properly engineered Portable Airfield Ground Lighting system.
Test Yourself

Quick Knowledge Check

Q1. Can a portable battery-powered light normally be connected directly to a conventional 6.6 A series circuit / CCR?

A. Yes, all portable lights are designed to be CCR-compatible
B. No — it may be electrically incompatible unless the equipment specification defines a permissible supply arrangement
C. Yes, as long as the light is switched on
D. Only during daytime operations

Q2. What is the principal FAA equipment reference for portable runway and taxiway lights?

A. AC 150/5340-30
B. AC 150/5345-46
C. AC 150/5345-50B
D. AC 150/5300-13

Q3. Installing portable runway lights after an outage automatically means:

A. Nothing automatically — CAT capability, NOTAM action and operational status must still be assessed separately
B. CAT I, II and III operations are all automatically restored
C. A NOTAM is no longer required
D. RVR measurement becomes unnecessary

Q4. The four practical elements of portable AGL optical verification are:

A. Voltage, current, resistance, frequency
B. Housing, lens, LED, connector
C. Battery, controller, cable, anchor
D. Colour, candela, coverage, configuration

Q5. Why can a portable light show "Electrical PASS" but still be operationally incorrect?

A. Electrical testing always confirms optical performance
B. Because the fixture can be electrically healthy while its azimuth, position or alignment is wrong
C. Because LED lights cannot fail electrically
D. Because portable lights don't require electrical testing
Explore More

Explore More AGL Engineering

FOUNDATION

AGL Fundamentals

Build your understanding of the complete Airfield Ground Lighting system.

Open AGL Fundamentals →
ENGINEERING

AGL Design & Electrical Engineering

Layout, series circuits, CCR sizing, transformers, cable design and control.

Open AGL Design →
PERFORMANCE

AGL Photometry

Verify the optical performance of the installed system.

Open AGL Photometry →
SYSTEMS

Runway Lighting Systems

Edge, threshold, end and centreline lighting in the permanent system.

Open Runway Lighting →
SYSTEMS

Taxiway Lighting Systems

Edge, centreline, lead-on/lead-off and stop-bar guidance.

Open Taxiway Lighting →
SYSTEMS

Approach Lighting Systems

Precision visual guidance during the approach phase.

Open Approach Lighting →
SOURCE

LED Airfield Ground Lighting

The LED engineering behind the fixtures used in portable and permanent systems alike.

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POWER

Solar Airfield Ground Lighting

Off-grid PV-battery-LED architecture, the natural counterpart to portable AGL.

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PROCESS

AGL Installation & Commissioning

Rapid-deployment installation and commissioning procedures.

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VERIFICATION

AGL Testing & Inspection

Verifying temporary systems before operational use.

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Deploy Fast. Engineer Properly.

From temporary layout to energized unit, from anchoring to photometric verification — explore the complete AGL knowledge base for portable and permanent lighting engineering.

AGL Engineering Hub

Explore the AGL Engineering Knowledge Hub

Fundamentals

Standards & Compliance

Runway, Taxiway & Approach Lighting

Surface Movement & Safety

PAPI

Electrical Engineering & Power

Photometry & Testing

Maintenance, Inspection & Safety

Resources, Documentation & Careers

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1What is portable airfield ground lighting (PAGL)?

PAGL is a temporary lighting arrangement providing essential visual guidance when the permanent AGL system is unavailable, damaged, under maintenance, displaced by construction or not yet operational. It consists of transportable light units, power supplies, controls, mounting or anchoring arrangements and associated equipment.

Q2Is portable AGL just battery-powered lamps?

No. It is a temporary aviation visual-aid system that must be correctly positioned, oriented, powered, controlled, maintained and verified for the operational task it serves.

Q3Which FAA specification covers portable runway and taxiway lights?

The page states that the FAA lists AC 150/5345-50B, Specification for Portable Runway and Taxiway Lights, as active. It covers portable runway and taxiway lights and runway end identifier lights intended for temporary use when all or part of a runway lighting system is inoperative.

Q4Can portable AGL replace a permanent lighting system?

No. AC 150/5345-50B states that portable lights are intended only for temporary use and are not suitable for permanent installation, and the guidance primarily addresses VFR applications. A portable system should not automatically be treated as equivalent to a permanent CAT I, II or III lighting installation.

Q5When is portable AGL required?

Situations include CCR failure, series circuit faults, cable damage, flooding, substation failure, electrical fire, construction activities, runway rehabilitation, fixture damage, pavement works, control-system failure and emergency operational requirements.

Q6How does portable AGL differ from permanent AGL?

Portable AGL is temporary and mobile rather than fixed, is powered by battery, solar, generator or external supply, and is controlled locally, by wire or remotely. It commonly uses individual units or temporary circuits, is positioned and checked for each deployment, needs frequent deployment checks, and is certified on specific portable equipment and an approved temporary arrangement.

Q7What are the main components of a portable AGL system?

Light units (portable runway, taxiway, threshold and end lights, REIL, and approach lights or portable PAPI where specifically engineered), power and control (batteries, solar charging, generators, temporary distribution, radio controllers and receivers), and mechanical support (cabling, connectors, bases, stakes or anchors, wind-resistant supports, cases and chargers). Not every installation needs every component.

Q8What are typical applications of portable AGL?

Emergency lighting when permanent runway lighting is unavailable, construction and runway rehabilitation, temporary runway configurations, remote operations, and controlled training and testing or rapid expeditionary deployment where authorized.

Q9How should portable threshold lighting be arranged?

Where portable edge lights define a threshold, FAA AC 150/5345-50B states they should be supplemented by portable REIL to improve runway-end definition. The temporary layout should be treated as an integrated visual system rather than individual lamps.

Q10What must portable taxiway lighting avoid?

The arrangement must clearly communicate taxiway limits, direction, intersections, holding positions and safe movement routes, and must never create ambiguity between an active taxi route and an unavailable surface.

Field Insight

Engineering & Expert Notes

Temporary Does Not Mean Informal
Principle

Portable systems still need planning, approval and checks appropriate to their role.

Verify Battery Endurance for the Whole Operation
Power

Account for temperature and light settings, and plan recharging or swaps.

Anchor for Wind and Jet Blast
Mounting

Check mounting methods against expected exposure and verify them before use.

Do Not Connect to a Permanent Series Circuit Without Approval
Electrical

Portable lights have different electrical requirements. Follow the manufacturer and site procedure.

Test Control and Communications
Control

Check any remote control and know the fallback.

Inspect and Record Before and After Deployment
Records

Log condition, positions and times so the system can be removed cleanly.

Precision AGL Academy

Understand PAGL. Build Your Engineering Skills.

You now understand how Portable Airfield Ground Lighting provides temporary visual guidance when the permanent system is unavailable — from equipment and power sources to anchoring, control, photometry and commissioning.

Take the next step with Precision AGL Academy.

Learn AGL Step by Step

Build your knowledge through structured technical learning covering:

AGL Fundamentals Components Electrical Systems Design Photometry Testing Troubleshooting Maintenance

Move from understanding how AGL works to developing the practical knowledge needed to analyse, operate and maintain complete AGL systems — permanent and portable alike.

Deploy fast. Position accurately. Power reliably. Measure correctly. Document everything.