How do you read a technical requirement in AGL?

Split each clause into condition, item, strength, value and reference — then check you have read what it says, not what you expect.

READ ONE CLAUSE IN FIVE PARTS · ILLUSTRATIVE SENTENCE Where the runway is used at night, 1 CONDITION When does it apply? Look for where, if, for or when: runway type, category, use or code. edge lights 2 ITEM What is covered? Check the exact item and scope: edge, centreline, inset or elevated. shall 3 STRENGTH How binding? shall = required should = recommended may = permitted be spaced at the stated interval, 4 VALUE How much, how exactly? Number, unit and tolerance. Watch minimum versus maximum. tested to the named method. 5 REFERENCE How is it proved? Named document, edition, clause and test method for the evidence. COMMON TRAPS NOTES ≠ REQUIREMENTS check which text is normative MISSED CONDITION a rule may apply only in some cases WRONG EDITION limits and methods change between editions SPLIT THE CLAUSE · DECIDE IF IT APPLIES · RESTATE IT PLAINLY · CHECK AGAINST THE SOURCE THE SENTENCE IS INVENTED FOR TEACHING · NOT A QUOTE FROM ANY STANDARD
when it applies
how binding
value and proof
The Fact Interpretation

Interpreting a technical requirement means reading it in parts: the condition that triggers it, the item it covers, its strength (shall, should or may), the value with its unit and tolerance, and the reference to the document, edition and method. Each part changes what you must do.

Most errors come from skipping the condition, treating a note as a rule, or reading an old edition. When the wording is unclear, ask the specifier and keep the written answer against the requirement.

  1. Read the whole clause. Include its definitions, notes and any cross-references.
  2. Split it into parts. Condition, item, strength, value and reference.
  3. Decide if it applies. Check your case against the condition and exceptions.
  4. Restate it plainly. Write it in your own words and compare with the source.
  5. Resolve doubts in writing. Ask, record the answer, and carry it into the matrix.
Literal reading

What the clause actually says, including its conditions, strength words and cross-references.

Assumed reading

What we expect it to say from habit or a similar project, which may not match this clause.

ConditionWhen or where the requirement applies
ItemThe exact equipment or feature covered
StrengthShall, should or may: how binding it is
ValueThe number, unit and direction (min or max)
ToleranceHow far the value may vary
ReferenceDocument, edition, clause and test method
ExceptionsCases where the rule does not apply
ClarificationWritten answer to any open question
The sentence used is invented for teaching and is not quoted from any standard. Paraphrased for learning, not the official wording. Follow the definitions and conventions of the document you are reading, and your contract’s order of precedence.
Entry 9 · Compliance matrix Entry 11 · Mandatory versus advisory requirements

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1What is the difference between shall, should and may?

In standards drafting, shall normally marks a requirement, should a recommendation, and may a permission. ICAO uses shall for Standards and should for Recommended Practices. Always check the foreword or definitions of the document you are reading, because wording conventions can vary. Strong wording such as must or shall not also binds, and a should can become binding if the contract or the authority adopts it.

Q2What if a requirement is ambiguous?

Do not guess. Write down the reading you think is correct and the alternatives, then ask the specifier or the document owner for clarification. Record the answer against the requirement so the same question is not argued again later.

Q3Do notes and examples count as requirements?

Often not. Many standards separate the normative text, which is binding, from notes, examples and guidance, which explain it. Read the document's own statement of which parts are normative before relying on a note.

Q4Why do the conditions matter so much?

Many requirements apply only in certain cases, such as a runway type, operation category or night use. Missing the condition can mean applying a rule that does not apply, or overlooking one that does.

Q5What if two documents seem to say different things?

Check that both really apply to your case, then check which document the contract names as governing. If the conflict remains, raise it with the specifier and record the decision. The standard comparison entry shows how the documents differ in purpose.

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